According to federal regulations, how is 'research' defined?

The definition of 'research' according to federal regulations emphasizes the systematic nature and intent of investigations aimed at contributing to generalizable knowledge. This precise definition underlines that research is not just any inquiry; it must be methodical and designed with the goal of producing findings that can be applied broadly, beyond the immediate context of the study.

In the context of protecting human subjects, this clear distinction is crucial because it identifies the scope and responsibility that researchers have when conducting such investigations. Regulatory guidelines apply specifically to systematic investigations, which ensures that ethical considerations and protections for human participants are adequately addressed.

The other options offered do not meet the specific criteria set forth in federal regulations. For example, 'a systematic exploration into current practices' may not necessarily aim to contribute to generalizable knowledge. Similarly, an 'informal assessment of social behavior' does not exhibit the rigor or intention generally associated with research, and a 'randomized survey of opinions' could be a research method but is too narrow in focus to represent the broader definition.